Slotted casing is an important downhole tool in the production process of sand-producing oil and gas wells. It is widely used under the pump barrel of oil well pumping units. Slotted casing is widely used in sand prevention and completion of oil and gas wells due to its simple structure, low production cost and good sand effect. This article will briefly explain the following usage and design intentions of slotted casing based on its characteristics.
The raw material of slotted casing is petroleum casing, which is basically produced and processed with casing and tubing as the base material. There are many kinds of arrangement forms of petroleum slotted casing, and the common ones are parallel seams, group seams and cross seams. The verticality of the slit edge is very good, the edge is cut very smoothly, there is no burr phenomenon, and the slit is uniform. When the slotted casing is subjected to the overall anti-corrosion treatment, a very dense protective layer will be formed on the surface of the screen. With the protection of this protective layer, the corrosion resistance and performance of the screen are greatly improved, which can effectively extend the service life of the petroleum slotted casing in underground operations of oil drilling, thereby reducing the cost consumption. When exploiting oil, the use of petroleum slotted casing can filter out sand and dust, reduce the maintenance rate by 80%, and improve the stability, continuity and strength of filtering sand and dust, which effectively improves the work efficiency.
How to use slotted casing:
In practical applications, slotted casing is usually used in conjunction with other equipment, such as vibrators, agitators, etc. Its basic working principle is to filter and separate fluids or gases, while ensuring the passage of fluids or gases and preventing solid particles or impurities from passing through. During operation, first select a slotted casing of appropriate size according to actual conditions and install it on the corresponding equipment. Then the material to be processed enters the equipment. When the material flows through the slotted casing, the solid particles will be trapped inside and pure liquid or gas will flow out. As the operating time increases, a filter layer is formed due to the accumulation of sediments. During this period, if the filter layer needs to be cleaned, the machine can be stopped to remove the sediment and restart the operation.
The steps to use the slotted sleeve are as follows:
1. Preparation: Select a slotted sleeve of appropriate size and material, and ensure that it is clean and undamaged.
2. Installation: Insert or connect the slotted sleeve to the equipment, ensuring that it is tightly connected to other components and there is no leakage.
3. Preparation of filter media: Pour the liquid to be filtered into the equipment as needed. In some cases, it may be necessary to add auxiliary solutions or chemicals to enhance the separation effect.
4. Filtration operation: Open the fluid inlet and outlet valves to allow the liquid to be filtered to pass through the slotted sleeve. Due to the fine and uniform gaps on the screen (i.e. sharp edges, rounded, etc.), solid particles will not be able to pass through these gaps and will be intercepted inside. At the same time, the liquid can pass smoothly and be discharged from the outlet.
5. Cleaning and maintenance: When the flow rate is found to be slow or blocked, the filtration operation can be stopped and the slotted sleeve can be cleaned. It can be cleaned with water or other suitable soluble substances, and the dirt attached to the surface can be removed with tools such as brushes.
6. Disposal of waste: If the waste is found to be unable to be processed again after multiple cycles, it must be disposed of.
Next, let's look at the design of slotted casing. For example, some material selection issues: choosing suitable materials to make slotted screens and support frames according to different environments and media requirements; tightness control, segment number design, support structure, etc. Here are some design tips:
1. Material selection: Choose appropriate materials to make slotted casing pieces and support frames according to different environments and media requirements. Common materials include stainless steel, acid-resistant and alkali-resistant plastics, etc.
2. Tightness control: Tightness can be controlled by adjusting parameters such as slot spacing, slot width, and slot angle. The greater the tightness, the better the filtration effect, but it will also affect the flux; on the contrary, the smaller the tightness, the greater the flux, but it may affect the filtration effect.
3. Segment design: According to actual needs, a multi-segment structure can be designed, and partitions are set between each segment to increase the ability of enhanced graded filtration and facilitate the replacement of damaged parts.
4. Support structure: In order to ensure the stability of the entire system and extend its service life, it is necessary to consider whether the support structure is strong enough in the design, and it is necessary to consider whether it is easy to disassemble and clean.
5. Head design: The head is one of the places where leakage problems are most likely to occur at the connection with other equipment. When designing, attention should be paid to ensuring that it is well sealed at the connection with other equipment.
6. Temperature control stroke calculation: The required length and temperature difference are calculated based on the material temperature to arrange the heat extraction length.
7. Pressure calculation: Choose the appropriate opening size according to the pressure difference to avoid problems such as blockage or leakage.
Cutting method of slotted casing:
Currently, slotted casing is mainly cut by ceramic blade or laser cutting. On the pipe body of standard casing or oil pipe, slots of width, length and density are cut according to the seam-laying method. The flow area ratio of slotted casing refers to the percentage of the total area of slotted casing slots to the total surface area of the screen pipe body. It is an important technical parameter of slotted casing. In order to meet the strength requirements, the number of slots cut per unit length of pipe body should not be too many, which directly affects the ability of fluid to pass through the slotted casing.
In conclusion
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