Square Hollow Section (SHS) is a hollow structural steel section with equal side lengths, widely used in construction, structural frames, and fabrication. It offers uniform strength, excellent stability, and an attractive appearance. SHS sizes are typically specified by the outside width and wall thickness.
SHS is available in seamless and welded types. Seamless SHS is formed from seamless round steel tubes, while welded SHS is manufactured by forming and welding steel strip into a round tube before reshaping it into a square section. Both types provide reliable mechanical performance for structural applications.
Square Hollow Section (SHS) Specifications
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Parameter
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Specification
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Size Range
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20 × 20 mm – 500 × 500 mm
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Wall Thickness
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1.5 mm – 30 mm
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Length
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6 m, 12 m, or Customized Length
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Manufacturing Process
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Cold-formed welded, hot-finished welded
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Standards
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EN 10219, EN 10210, ASTM A500, GOST 30245
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Steel Grades
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S235, S275, S355 (EN); ASTM A500 Grade B, Grade C; 09G2S (GOST); Q235, Q355 (China)
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Surface Treatment
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Black steel, hot-dip galvanized, painted, powder coated
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End Treatment
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Plain ends, beveled ends, cut-to-length, drilled ends
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Square Hollow Section Standard:
ASTM A500 Grade B,
ASTM A513 (1020-1026)
ASTM A36 (A36)
EN 10210:S235,S355,S235JRH,
S355J2H,S355NH
EN 10219:S235,S355,S235JRH,
S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H
Square Hollow Section Materials and Grades
Square Hollow Sections are produced from different steel materials depending on application requirements, including strength, corrosion resistance, weldability, and environmental conditions.
1. Carbon Steel SHS
Carbon steel is the most widely used material for structural hollow sections due to its excellent strength, weldability, and cost efficiency.
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Standard
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Common Grades
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ASTM A500
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Grade A, Grade B, Grade C
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EN 10219
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S235JRH, S275J0H, S355J2H
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EN 10210
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S355NH, S420NH
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GB/T 6728
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Q235, Q355
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2. Stainless Steel SHS
Stainless steel square hollow sections provide excellent corrosion resistance and aesthetic appearance.
Common grades:
ASTM A554 304
ASTM A554 316
EN 10088 stainless steel grades
3. Alloy Steel SHS
Alloy steel SHS provides enhanced mechanical performance for heavy-duty applications requiring higher strength and durability.
Manufacturing Process of Square Hollow Section
Square Hollow Sections (SHS) are produced through several forming and finishing processes to achieve accurate dimensions, reliable strength, and suitable surface performance.
Cold Forming & Welding
Steel strips or plates are shaped at room temperature and welded into square sections. This method provides excellent dimensional accuracy and is widely used for structural, industrial, and general fabrication applications.
Hot Forming
Steel is heated before forming, allowing the production of larger sizes and thicker walls. It is commonly applied in heavy-duty structures, bridges, and high-load engineering projects.
Surface Treatment
Processes such as hot-dip galvanizing, painting, and powder coating improve corrosion resistance and extend service life, especially for outdoor and harsh environments.
Applications of Square Hollow Section
Architectural Structures: Building frames, columns, roof trusses, facades, and modern steel structures.
Heavy Machinery: Equipment supports, machine bases, and structural components requiring high load capacity.
Transportation Equipment: Frames and components for trailers, vehicles, and transport systems.
Industrial Structures: Factory buildings, platforms, supports, and infrastructure projects.
Food Processing Equipment: Hygienic structural frames, equipment supports, and processing facilities.
Decorative Frameworks: Railings, display structures, furniture frames, and architectural features.
Marine Environments: Offshore structures, ship components, and coastal engineering applications requiring corrosion resistance.
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