Oil pipeline engineering is a crucial component of the oil industry, and corrosion prevention is a key aspect of pipeline projects. Casing pipes are used to transport various media, including oil, natural gas, and chemical products, so ensuring their corrosion protection is vital for safe operation.
Casing pipe, as a specialized mode of transportation, have been in use for over a century. With the development of the national economy, the advantages of pipeline oil transportation have become increasingly evident. Most oil pipelines use carbon steel seamless pipes, straight seam resistance welded pipes, or spiral welded pipes. Pipelines are generally installed either above ground or buried underground. Regardless of the installation method, when metal pipes come into contact with surrounding media, chemical or electrochemical reactions can cause corrosion. Corrosion is a key factor affecting the reliability and lifespan of pipeline systems. It can alter the appearance, color, and mechanical properties of metal pipes, impact the quality of transported oil, shorten the lifespan of pipelines, and, in severe cases, lead to leaks, environmental pollution, or even make the pipeline unusable. As oil extraction progresses to the mid and late stages, corrosion issues become more prominent, often resulting in significant economic losses and severe social consequences due to accidents caused by corrosion. Therefore, understanding the causes of corrosion, the mechanisms, influencing factors, and control methods of corrosion in oil and gas pipelines, and implementing effective protective measures are of utmost importance. Given the complexity and variability of corrosion, no single corrosion prevention technology is universally effective. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the corrosion environment and the adoption of appropriate material selection and design strategies for prevention are necessary.