Hollow Structural Sections (HSS) are metal sections with a hollow cross section. The term is used primarily in the United States or other countries that follow American architectural or engineering terminology. HSS members can be round steel pipe, square steel pipe, or rectangular steel pipe in cross section, but other shapes (such as elliptical) are also used. According to the specification, HSS consists only of structural steel.Today, we will mainly discuss square and rectangular tubes.
What is a square and rectangular tube?
A square and rectangular tube is a type of thin-walled hollow steel pipe with a square cross-section, also known as a steel cold-formed bending pipe. After cold-bending, it forms Q235 hot-rolled or cold-rolled steel strips or rolled steel plates, which are then high-frequency welded to form square and rectangular tubes. Let’s take a look at the development of square and rectangular tubes in the construction industry. In other cases, the thickness of super-rolled thick-walled tubes will increase, and their dimensions and corners will reach or exceed the level of flat resistance-welded cold-bent square tubes. These tubes feature good mechanical properties, weldability, cold and hot processing capabilities, corrosion resistance, and good low-temperature toughness.
What are the applications of square and rectangular tubes?
Square and rectangular tubes are currently mainly used in the construction of large stadiums, such as airports, stadiums, and stations, where they serve as the main steel frame or wall enclosures, as well as in civil steel structure residential buildings. Additionally, in the mechanical industry, they are used as the foundation and support for equipment, such as beams for vehicles, bodies of large trucks, and agricultural tricycles, and for welding various frameworks used in civil engineering.
High-frequency welding adopts cold-bent steel structural steel pipe welding, where the main structures are square and rectangular tubes, accounting for more than 50% of the structure. From the perspective of structural mechanics and economics, the combination of square and rectangular tubes and H-shaped steel is the best combination in the construction industry, capable of achieving industrialized factory buildings and residential construction.
In developed countries, the most widely used materials in the construction industry in the international energy network are square and rectangular tubes. Square and rectangular tubes, as well as steel pipes, account for more than 50% of the total usage, and the construction industry accounts for more than 70% of total consumption. The rectangular and square tube products used in the industry are mainly square and rectangular tubes used in construction structures.
What are the characteristics of square and rectangular tubes?
With the development of the modern economy, various small and medium-sized enterprises have flourished. However, for the construction of plants for small and medium-sized enterprises, using general building structures can bring significant economic costs to the enterprises. The appearance of square and rectangular tubes has eliminated these drawbacks. Its various characteristics meet the needs of small enterprises for plant construction, making it an excellent material choice for large-scale, simple plant construction.
Square and rectangular tubes generally refer to square and rectangular-shaped pipes, mainly formed by rolling steel strips. These types of steel are relatively inexpensive, suitable for bulk purchasing by general enterprises, and widely used due to their simplicity of structure. The production process is straightforward, and products made from square and rectangular tubes are more cost-effective compared to other materials, making them ideal for bulk purchasing during the construction process. This makes them especially suitable for the requirements of small and medium-sized enterprises for plant construction and basic materials.
Since square and rectangular tubes are formed by rolling steel strips, the production process is very convenient. Moreover, the shape of the square and rectangular tubes, being square or rectangular, makes them highly beneficial for supporting objects and for constructing other structures. For enterprises, square and rectangular tubes have a relatively long lifespan and stable performance, making them a great choice for general enterprises.
The production process of square and rectangular tubes is simple, with relatively low technical requirements, making them highly suitable for mass production and procurement. They also have great advantages in terms of price. In the usage process, square and rectangular tubes can effectively support objects and achieve excellent results, making them a valuable and straightforward construction material for enterprises.
What are the advantages of square and rectangular tubes?
Good cross-sectional characteristics: Compared with wide-flange H-shaped steel and round steel tubes of the same weight or cross-sectional height, square steel tubes have 1.3 times the durability of round steel tubes in both principal axis directions. Their durability is close to that of H-shaped steel in the strong axis direction, and 2.7 times greater in the weak axis direction, with a turning radius 1.6 times greater. This high durability not only significantly enhances the load-bearing capacity of PR320 but also makes it more suitable for trusses that experience certain loads or moments on individual members. A larger turning radius further ensures the overall balance of the members and enhances the load-bearing capacity of compression members. Additionally, the large durability aids in ensuring the overall balance of the trusses during transportation and lifting.
Better damage resistance: At the same length, square tubes with semi-enclosed ends have better resistance to damage in single-sided conditions. This reduces the workload for color-matching protection by about one-third and doubles the damage resistance lifespan compared to H-shaped steel.
Cost reduction in engineering: Using square and rectangular full-county tubes formed by cold-bending in one step avoids the complex process of box-line machining. This simplifies construction, improving efficiency and reducing costs.
How should square and rectangular tubes be maintained?
1.Designate personnel to inspect other tubes daily, checking whether poles and gaskets have sunk or loosened, whether all fasteners on the main frame are slippery or loose, and whether all components of the main frame are intact.
2.After rain, ensure the square tubes drain onto the foundation, and conduct a comprehensive inspection of the foundation and infrastructure that are not part of the drainage system.
3.The construction load on the working layer should not exceed 270Kg/m². Horizontal pole supports, cables, and wind ropes should not be fixed on square tubes, and hanging heavy objects from square tubes is strictly prohibited.
4.It is strictly forbidden for anyone to randomly remove any parts from square tubes.
5.If strong winds exceed level 6, or if there is fog, heavy rain, or snow, square tube operations should be suspended. No work can resume until the issues are inspected and resolved.
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